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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medication is the first-line treatment for ADHD. They have a long record of robust response, good tolerance, and safety over the lifespan. However, it's important to choose the right dosage and medication that alleviates the symptoms of your child or yourself without causing side adverse effects. This may require a lot of trial and error as well as a constant communication with your physician. Stimulants Stimulants are drugs which increase the activity of the central nervous system. Students, athletes, artists, workers and other people use them to enhance their cognitive performance and performance. They are also used in treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) and eating disorders that cause binge eating, and other anxiety disorders. Amphetamines, methylphenidates and other stimulant medications are the most frequently used. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in both extended-release and immediate-release formulations. Immediate-release medication is usually taken every 4 hours. If they are not taken as often they can trigger an abrupt and brief loss of energy. The crash can result in extreme hunger, mood swings, and fatigue. Immediate-release medication can also increase blood pressure and heartbeats in certain people. This is especially the case when they do not eat enough. Extended-release medicines are designed to release their active ingredients over a time of 8-16 hours. This type of medication can be prescribed by a doctor in case you're seeking long-lasting control of symptoms without having to take pills several times a day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate products. Another alternative is the long-acting methylphenidate patch, known as Daytrana that adheres to the skin like a band-aid and lasts for the entire day. This type of medication is available to adults with ADHD and require a daily dosage that lasts longer than the immediate-release options. Stimulant medications don't solve ADHD However, they can assist in managing symptoms by enhancing the way that neurons in the brain communicate with one and each. They do this by affecting the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, like dopamine and norepinephrine. They do this by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows more neurotransmitters be released, and helps messages between neurons be more effectively sent and received. In addition to stimulants, doctors can prescribe antidepressants to treat ADHD. The majority of antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD affect the levels of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in your brain. One group, known as selective serotonin receptor inhibitors, is a good choice for people who have depression or anxiety. These medications are usually combined with stimulants to boost their effectiveness. Other reasons why your doctor may switch between non-stimulant and stimulant medications are if your old medication isn't working, or produces unacceptably adverse side effects. Long-acting Stimulants aid in the treatment of 70% to 80 percent of adults and children with ADHD. They reduce symptoms like the tendency to fidget and talk over others. They also enhance the quality of work and social skills. Stimulant medications start working as soon as they pass through the blood-brain barrier which takes about 45 to 60 minutes. They boost the levels of Dopamine and Norepinephrine in brain cells, which decreases hyperactivity and impulseivity. FDA-approved stimulant medications use one of two molecules: the methylphenidate (Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta) and amphetamine (Ritalin, Adderall XR, Vyvanse XR). Stimulants may cause side effects such as nausea, loss of appetite and increased blood pressure. They can also cause anxiety and headaches. They can also make tics worse and can cause sleep problems in some people. Long-acting stimulants, such as Strattera or Wellbutrin, are effective both at night and day. Short-acting medications only last a few hours. They can also aid with other disorders like anxiety or depression. The medications affect the way your body regulates chemicals known as monoamine oxides. Monoamine oxidases, or enzymes, break down dopamine as well as other neurotransmitters inside the brain. These chemicals remain in the body longer if they are not broken down. This can affect your behavior and even your thinking. Long-acting drugs can have less adverse effects. Your doctor may prescribe it in smaller doses that you take throughout the day. Some stimulants come in extended-release form that you can take once daily. Adults may find this more convenient, but you should still keep in mind to take the stimulants every day. SSRIs and other medications have proven to be effective in treating ADHD in many adults. SSRIs are typically prescribed for anxiety or depression but can be prescribed for ADHD. About 70% of people react to these medications. Bupropion, also called Wellbutrin is an SSRI approved for ADHD. It was proven to be more effective in a controlled trial than placebos. These medications can cause serious side effects, like hearing ringing anxiety, changes in vision, heart and lung function. Short-acting The stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine within the brain. These two chemicals assist people to control their behavior and focus. They are available in a variety of forms, and each has its own brand name, such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two main types of stimulant medications such as the methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and the amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). They all have similar effects, however their duration of action differs. The methylphenidates may produce a less lasting effect, lasting up to three hours. Amphetamines on the other are more effective. Some people can tolerate stimulant medication better than others, so your doctor might prescribe them. It is essential to know everything you can about the medication, including potential side effects, how often it should be taken, and any warnings specific to the medication that should be observed. This will assist you and your physician determine the most suitable medication for you. It is important to understand that these medications may cause certain negative side effects, such as difficulty getting to sleep or losing appetite. Consult your physician if you experience these adverse effects. You may need to alter your dosage or try another drug. Adults with ADHD who do not respond well to stimulants could be treated with non-stimulant medications that take longer to start working but improve a person's ability to concentrate and control impulses. These medications can be prescribed either alone or in combination. The first of these is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree), which works by increasing norepinephrine and dopamine in the prefrontal brain, which controls behavior. Guanfacine, also known as Intuniv is part of the class of drugs known as alpha-agonists. They block the reuptake of these brain chemicals and increasing their levels in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was originally designed to treat high blood pressure, has now been proven to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations People with ADHD utilize a variety of drug combinations. These include stimulants with depressant drugs such as clonidine and guanfacine. adhd without medication can have a calming effect on the brain and can reduce symptoms like sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They also aid in preventing withdrawal symptoms that can result from stimulants. However, this combination could be risky if used correctly. Serotonin syndrome is a drug emergency which occurs when there is too much serotonin in the body. This combination can also raise the heart rate and blood pressure. The risks of using this drug are higher for people with pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure or heart disease. Combinations of stimulants are increasingly being used by teenagers and young adults. These substances are often called “legal highs” and are readily available in pharmacies. They are also sold on the black market. These substances can be dangerous particularly when they are combined with alcohol and other substances. The use of multiple drugs can be risky. Mixing drugs can have unpredictable and harmful effects. These include increased heart rate, reduced respiration, paranoia and hallucinations. Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy in treating ADHD according to the findings of a study. Combining medications improved the adherence of patients and helped them experience greater relief from symptoms than monotherapy. However some patients halted their treatment because of side effects. In a few instances, the medication was discontinued because of sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be due to a misdiagnosis or a lack of medication. Nonstimulants are a different treatment option for ADHD. These drugs enhance attention span and impulse control, but they don't work as effectively as stimulants. They are also less likely to suppress growth and alter appetite. Some antidepressants are also prescribed for ADHD however they have a less chance of enhancing focus and concentration. A number of studies have proven that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to yield better results than either drug by itself. Combining these two medications was proven to increase adherence and decrease the risk of adverse reactions in a majority of people. The combination proved effective for adolescents and young adults. This combination could be a viable alternative for children suffering from severe ADHD.